In a quadruped robot each leg usually has three joints, and when the robot runs these joints reverse several times per second. The goal is not torque alone but fast response and impact resistance.
Every time the foot touches the ground, the motor takes a sudden force. A high-reduction actuator passes that impact to the gears, while a low-reduction, backdrivable actuator can absorb it.
The CubeMars actuators we recommend for quadruped robots range from 6 Nm to 48 Nm of rated torque and 12 Nm to 120 Nm of peak torque. KV values range from 60 to 100 rpm/V.
Depending on the robot's weight and target speed, it is common to use different models in the hip, knee and ankle.
The most common questions when comparing products in this category.
Rated torque is what the motor can deliver continuously without overheating, so size your system to it. Peak torque is the upper limit it can withstand for short periods. Look at peak torque for starts and impacts, and rated torque for continuous operation.
KV is the number of revolutions per volt. A low KV means more torque and less speed, and a high KV the opposite. With the same frame, the KV choice sets the speed and torque balance of your application.
A gearbox increases torque and reduces speed. Applications that need high torque at low speed, like a legged robot joint, favor a high ratio (36:1, 48:1), and those that need fast response favor a low ratio (6:1, 9:1). If you are not sure, send us your target torque and speed.
In integrated actuators (AK, AKH) the driver, encoder and gearbox are inside the motor, and they run over CAN straight out of the box. The AKE series combines motor and gearbox and uses an external driver. Frameless motors (RI, RO) are just a rotor and stator that you build into your own mechanics, and they need an external driver. Choose frameless for tight spaces or custom designs, and integrated for quick installation.
In the filter panel you can narrow down by series, gear ratio, peak torque, KV, no-load speed, weight and price. On desktop the panel sits to the left of the list, and on mobile it opens with the Filter button. Products without a value for a filter drop out when you apply it, so we recommend starting broad and narrowing step by step.
Not sure which to choose?Ask the technical team